Understanding Interpersonal Intelligence

Understanding Interpersonal Intelligence Can you pick out the student who gets along with everyone in the class? When it comes to group work, do you know which student you pick to work well with others to complete the assignment? If you can identify that student, then you already know a student who displays the characteristics of interpersonal intelligence. You have seen evidence that this student  is able to discern the moods, the feelings, and the motivations of others. Interpersonal is the combination of the prefix  inter-  meaning between   person  Ã‚  -al. The term was first used in psychology documents  (1938) in order to  describe behavior between people in an encounter.   Interpersonal intelligence  is one of Howard Gardners nine  multiple intelligences, and this intelligence refers to how skillful an individual is in understanding and dealing with others. They are skilled at managing relationships and negotiating conflict. There are some professions that are a natural fit for people with interpersonal intelligence: politicians, teachers, therapists, diplomats, negotiators, and salesmen. Ability to Relate to Others You wouldnt  think that Anne Sullivan- who taught Helen Keller- would be Gardners example of an interpersonal genius. But, she is precisely the example Gardner uses to illustrate this intelligence. With little formal training in special education and nearly blind herself, Anne Sullivan began the formidable task of instructing a blind and deaf seven-year-old, Gardner writes in  his 2006 book, Multiple  Intelligences: New Horizons in Theory and Practice. Sullivans showed great interpersonal intelligence in dealing with Keller and all of her profound disabilities, as well as Kellers doubting family. Interpersonal intelligence builds on a core capacity to notice distinctions among others- in particular, contrasts in their moods, temperaments, motivations, and intuitions, Gardner says. With Sullivans help, Keller became a leading 20th-century author, lecturer, and activist. In more advanced forms, this intelligence permits a skilled adult to read the intentions and desire of others even when they have been hidden. Famous People With High Interpersonal Intelligence Gardner uses other examples of people who are socially adept are among those with high interpersonal intelligence, such as: Tony Robbins: Though he grew up in a chaotic and abusive household and without any educational background in psychology, according to Fortune magazine and Wikipedia, Robbins became self-help coach, motivational speaker and best-selling author whose seminars have attracted thousands.Bill Clinton: Once a relatively little-known governor of a small state, Clinton was convincingly elected to two terms as U.S. president, due largely to his personality and ability to relate to people.Phil McGraw: A psychologist and well-known talk show host, Dr. Phil has advised and counseled thousands of people on improving their lives using a tough love approach.Oprah Winfrey: Arguably the countrys most successful talk show host, Winfrey built an empire largely based on her skill at listening, talking and relating to others. Some might call these social skills; Gardner insists that the ability to excel socially is actually an intelligence. Regardless, these individuals have excelled due almost entirely to their social skills. Enhancing Interpersonal Intelligence Students with this type of intelligence can bring a range of skill sets the classroom, including: Peer to peer work (mentoring)  Contributing to discussions in class  Problem-solving with othersSmall and large group workTutoring Teachers can help these students showcase their interpersonal intelligence by using some specific activities. Some examples include: Class meetingsCreating group projects, both large and smallSuggesting interviews for class assignmentsOffering students an opportunity to teach a unitIncluding community service activities if applicableOrganizing surveys or polls that extend outside of the classroom Teachers can develop a variety of activities that allow these students with interpersonal skills to interact with others and to practice their listening skills. Since these students are natural communicators, such activities will help them enhance their own communication skills and also allow them to model these skills for other students. Their ability to both give and receive feedback is important to the classroom environment, in particular in classrooms where teachers would like students to share their different perspectives. These students with interpersonal intelligence can be helpful in group work, especially when students are required to delegate roles and meet responsibilities. Their ability to manage relationships can be leveraged especially when their  skill set may be needed to resolve differences. Finally, these students with interpersonal intelligence will naturally support and encourage others to take academic risks when given the chance. Finally, teachers should take advantage of every  opportunity in order to model appropriate social behavior themselves. Teachers should practice to improve their own interpersonal skills and give students the opportunity to a practice as well. In preparing students for their experiences beyond the classroom, interpersonal skills are a top priority.   Sources: Gardner, Howard E. Multiple Intelligences: New Horizons in Theory and Practice. Basic Books, 2006.

Marie of France, Countess of Champagne

Marie of France, Countess of Champagne Known for: French princess whose birth was a disappointment to parents who wanted a son to inherit the French throne Occupation: Countess of Champagne, regent for her husband and then for her son Dates: 1145 - March 11, 1198 Confusion with Marie de France, Poet Sometimes confused with Marie de France, Mary of France, a medieval poet of England in the 12th century whose Lais of Marie de France survive along with a translation of Aesops Fables into the English of the time and perhaps others works. About Marie of France, Countess of Champagne Marie was born to Eleanor of Aquitaine and Louis VII of France. That marriage was already shaky when Eleanor gave birth to a second daughter, Alix, in 1151, and the pair realized that they were not likely to have a son. Salic Law was interpreted to mean that a daughter or daughters husband could not inherit the crown of France. Eleanor and Louis had their marriage annulled in 1152, Eleanor left first for Aquitaine and then married the heir to Englands crown, Henry Fitzempress. Alix and Marie were left in France with their father and, later, stepmothers. Marriage In 1160, when Louis married his third wife, Adà ¨le of Champagne, Louis betrothed his daughters Alix and Marie to brothers of his new wife. Marie and Henry, Count of Champagne, were married in 1164. Henry went to fight in the Holy Land, leaving Marie as his regent. While Henry was away, Maries half-brother, Philip, succeeded their father as king, and seized the dower lands of his mother, Adà ¨le of Champagne, who was also Maries sister-iin-law. Marie and others joined Adà ¨le in opposing Philips action; by the time Henry returned from the Holy Land, Marie and Philip had settled their conflict. Widowhood When Henry died in 1181, Marie served as regent for their son, Henry II, until 1187. When Henry II went to the Holy Land to fight in a crusade, Marie again served as regent. Henry died in 1197, and Maries younger son Theobold succeeded him. Marie entered a convent and died in 1198. Courts of Love Marie may have been a patron of Andrà © le Chapelain (Andreas Capellanus), author of one of the works on courtly love, as a chaplain who served Marie was named Andreas (and Chapelain or Capellanus means chaplain). In the book, he attributes judgments to Marie and to her mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, among others. Some sources accept the claim that the book, De Amore and known in English as The Art of Courtly Love, was written at the request of Marie. There is no solid historical evidence that Marie of France with or without her mother presided at courts of love in France, though some writers have made that claim. Also known as:  Marie Capet; Marie de France; Marie, Countess of Champagne Background, Family: Mother:  Eleanor of AquitaineFather:  Louis VII of France  Stepmothers:  Constance of Castile, then Adà ¨le of ChampagneFull siblings: sister  Alix, Countess  of Blois; half siblings (father Louis VII): Marguerite of France, Alys of France, Philip II of France, Agnes of France. She also had half-siblings from her mothers second marriage, but theres not much evidence she interacted with them. Marriage, Children: husband: Henry I, Count of Champagne (married 1164)children:Scholastique of Champagne, married to William V of MaconHenry II of Champagne, 1166-1197Marie of Champagne, married to Baldwin I of ConstantinopleTheobald III of Champagne, 1179-1201